Why Change the Name of a King? (2 Kgs 23:34) – Questions, Exegeses, Dilemmas

Abstract

This study examines the change of a person's name as a mark of subordination in suzerain/vassal relations, using the case of Eliachim/Ioiachim as an example. The author points out that the change of name implies new obligations and rights for the vassal and becomes a 'trademark' of the vassal. The religious and political implications of the name change are discussed, using as an example the relationship between Pharaoh Necho II and King Jehoiakim. The author proposes three possible explanations for the fact that the name Jehoiakim does not indicate subordination to Egypt or any Egyptian deity: (1) the name change marks a change limited to political, economic and military aspects; (2) a possible link with the documentary theory of the Pentateuch; (3) the possibility that Jehoiakim was a "double agent" between Egypt and Babylon. In conclusion, the author suggests that the Jewish name of King Jehoiakim can be understood as a message from Pharaoh to the Jewish people, showing that Jehoiakim is God's anointed and that Pharaoh respects the Jewish Law. It also suggests that the name change does not necessarily imply a change in religious affiliation.